Dataguard LNS进程10g到12c的演变

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公司生产库11gR2 DataGuard报出错误,显示LNS无法将日志传输到备库上。

查看trace xxxx_nsa3_77487.trc

里面提及了NSS、NSA,之前没有注意过这些进程, 那么它们的用途是什么?

Oracle 11gR1及之前版本

Oracle 10gR2文档中,LNSn是network server的缩写,注意LNSn中的“L”并没有对应的单词,一般认为是Log的缩写,但是官方文档中并没有提及。

在主库上,LGWR进程提交redo数据给一个或者多个LNSn进程,LNSn进程并行初始化到多个远程归档路径的网络I/O。(On the primary database, the LGWR process submits the redo data to one or more network server (LNSn) processes, which then initiate the network I/O in parallel to multiple remote destinations. )

使用LGWR SYNC发送redo到备库,事务相关的redo在主库和备库都写完毕后,主库上的事务才能提交成功。网络延迟、网络带宽以及从库的I/O性能都影响了主库的提交时间。
total commit time = network time + standby write time + network acknowledged。

使用LGWR ASYNC发送redo到备库,由于ASYNC传输redo是真正的异步行为,对主库的吞吐量影响很小。网络延迟的增加,对主库的吞吐量影响几乎没有影响。使用ASYNC,主库的日志写进程(LGWR)将redo日志条目写入到在线redo日志中,同时LNSn进程将在线redo日志异步传输到备库。不管LNSn是否已经将redo传输了备库,主库的LGWR都可以继续运行。

注意! 10g中,无论是SYNC还是ASYNC模式,都由LNSn进程复制将主库redo传输到备库。

Oracle 11gR2

Oracle 11g取消了LNSn进程,将10g的LNSn进程拆分为两个进程,分别是NSAn(network server async,异步网络服务器)和NSSn(network server sync同步网服务器),无论异步还是同步最多可以有9个进程。

NSAn Redo Transport NSA1 Process Ships redo from current online redo logs to remote standby destinations configured for ASYNC transport NSAn can run as multiple processes, where n is 1-9 or A-V.

See Also: Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration

Database instance, Data Guard
NSSn Redo Transport NSS1 Process Acts as a slave for LGWR when SYNC transport is configured for a remote standby destination NSSn can run as multiple processes, where n is 1-9 or A-V.

See Also: Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration

Database instance, Data Guard

 

不过,11gR2及之后版本,在等待事件中,都保留了LNS这个名词

Table 7-2 Redo Transport Wait Events

Wait Event Description
LNS wait on ATTACH Total time spent waiting for redo transport sessions to be established to all ASYNC and SYNCredo transport destinations
LNS wait on SENDREQ Total time spent waiting for redo data to be written to all ASYNC and SYNC redo transport destinations
LNS wait on DETACH Total time spent waiting for redo transport connections to be terminated to all ASYNC and SYNC redo transport destinations

生产环境都是11gR2 ASYNC同步方式,查看进程

本文开头贴出的日志,显示同步NSSn进程没有运行,异步NSAn进程正在被重用。

12C

12c开始,NSSn被保留,依然为SYNC传输redo到备库服务。

NSSn Network Server SYNC Process Transfers redo from current online redo logs to remote standby destinations configured for SYNC transport NSSn can run as multiple processes, where n is 1-9 or A.

See Also: Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration

Database instances, Data Guard

而NSAn则更名为TTnn(redo transport slave process)。这么做的目的是,11g中NSAn需要LGWR进程通知后才开始异步传输redo到备库,造成短暂的传输延迟;而12c中TTnn进程传输不再需要LGWR进程通知,TMON(transport monitor process)进程负责传输监视。

TTnn Redo Transport Slave Process Ships redo from current online and standby redo logs to remote standby destinations configured for ASYNC transport TTnn can run as multiple processes, where nn is 00 to ZZ.

See Also: Oracle Data Guard Concepts and Administration

Database instances, Data Guard

(以上两张图片均来自macleanliu

综述

Oracle DataGuard主库上负责将redo传输到备库的进程,名字在11gR1及之前版本为LNSn,其负责ASYNC和SYNC两种传输方式的日志传输;从11gR2拆分为两个进程NSAn和NSSn,分别负责ASYNC和SYNC传输;到12c,NSAn变更为TTnn,较NSAn做了优化减少了传输延迟。

 

参考:

10gR2: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b25159/configbp.htm

11gR1: https://docs.oracle.com/cd/B28359_01/server.111/b28282/glossary.htm#CHDIDADC

11gR2:https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e40402/bgprocesses.htm#REFRN104

12cR1:https://docs.oracle.com/database/121/REFRN/GUID-86184690-5531-405F-AA05-BB935F57B76D.htm#REFRN104

macleanliu:http://www.askmaclean.com/archives/12c-ttnn-tmon-new-background-process.html

小荷:https://oracleblog.org/study-note/some-new-event-in-12c/

http://what-when-how.com/Tutorial/topic-863lsu/Expert-Oracle-Database-Architecture-209.html

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